{"schemaVersion":1,"recordType":"legal-article","id":"law:eri:code:penal:2015:article:39","workId":"law:eri:code:penal:2015","expressionId":"law:eri:code:penal:2015:en","title":"Non-Transmissibility of Personal Circumstances","number":"39","language":"en","canonicalUrl":"https://eriatlas.com/law/penal-code-2015/article/39/","hierarchy":{"part":"PART I — THE GENERAL PART","book":"BOOK I — OFFENCES AND THE OFFENDER","title":null,"chapter":"Chapter 5. — Participation in Offences"},"paragraphs":[{"id":"lead","number":"","text":"In case of participation whether as principal or accomplice in an offence each of the participants shall be punished for his own act, according to the extent of his participation, his degree of guilt and the danger that his act and his person represent to society.","canonicalUrl":"https://eriatlas.com/law/penal-code-2015/article/39/#lead","sourceTargets":[{"sourceId":"penal-code-2015-en","pdfPage":47,"url":"https://eriatlas.com/sources/penal-code-2015/page/47/?article=39&paragraph=lead#article-39-lead"}]},{"id":"u2","number":"","text":"Special circumstances or personal incidents or relationships that have the effect of excluding punishment or justify its reduction or increase are not transmissible to another person. They operate to the benefit or the detriment solely of the person to whom they attach.","canonicalUrl":"https://eriatlas.com/law/penal-code-2015/article/39/#u2","sourceTargets":[{"sourceId":"penal-code-2015-en","pdfPage":47,"url":"https://eriatlas.com/sources/penal-code-2015/page/47/?article=39&paragraph=u2#article-39-u2"}]}],"caution":"English-language 2015 Ministry of Justice edition. Refworld catalogues this English expression as an unofficial translation; Eri Atlas has not independently verified the translation."}