The court may frame the issues from all or any of the following materials:
Civil Procedure Code
2015 English source edition · Current applicability not established.
This is the English-language edition published in 2015 and attributed in its front matter to the Ministry of Justice. Refworld labels it an unofficial translation. Eri Atlas has not independently verified the translation, later changes, or whether the text is currently in force.
Article 179
Materials from Which Issues May be Framed · Preserved transcription; page attribution imported from the source collection. Verify against the original.
allegations made in the pleadings;
the contents of documents produced by either party; or
allegations made by the parties, or by any persons present on their behalf, or made by the pleaders of such parties in the course of the examination held under Article 172.