Article 2389

A juridical act entered into by a person acting, without power or outside the scope of his power, as mandatary in the name of another, may be ratified by the latter and the juridical act will then have the same effect as if it had been performed pursuant to a mandate.

Where a particular formality is required for the granting of a mandate to perform a juridical act, the same formality shall apply to the ratifcation.

Ratification has no effect, if at the time it is done, he third party has already let it be known that he considers the act to be invalid for want of mandate, unless this thirl party understood or under the circumstances ought have understood, at the time of his acting, that no sufficient mandate had been granted.

A person who is directly interested can determine a reasonable period for ratification by the person in whose name the act has been performed. He does not have to accept a partial or conditional ratification.

Rights granted by the mandator to third persons before the ratification, are respected.