Civil Code

Principle

Child Merely Conceived

Date of Conception

Proof of Life or Death of Person. - 1. Burden of Proof

2. Persons Dead Simultaneously

Proof of Identity

Effect of Personality

Limitations upon Rights of Personality and Liberties

Cessation of Unlawful Interference

Restriction on Freedom and Searches

Freedom of Residence

Inviolability of Domicile

Freedom of Thought

Religion

Freedom of Action

Right to Keep Silent

Marriage and Divorce

Integrity of Human Body

Revocability of Acts Relative Thereto

Principle

Restriction

Refusal to Accept Examination

Professional Secrecy

Will of Deceased

Will Not Expressed

Principle

Exception

Sanction

Rights of the Family

Inviolability of Correspondence

Principle

Assumption of Name

Choice of First Name - 1. Principle

2. Representative of the Family

Declaration to the Civil Status

Forbidden First Name

Unknown Filiation

Name of Adopted Child

Change of Name

Agreements Relating to Name

Illegal Use of a Name

Modes of Proof

Appointment by Administration

Quarters or Sections of Communes

Assistants to Civil Status Officer

Commencement of Duties

Termination of Duties

Death or Lasting Impediment

Head of Commune

Departmental Office

Consuls of Eritrea

Commanding Officers of Ships

Principle

Keeping and Conservation of Registers

Drawing up of Records

Periods

Records to be Drawn after Prescribed Periods

Declaration

Regulations of Application

Place Where Information is to be Furnished

Time Within Which Information is to be Furnished

Possibility of Declarations at Intervening Times

Drawing Up of Records by Civil Status Officer

Late Declarations

Consuls

Commanding Officers of Ships

Judgments

Acknowledgment of a Child

Change of Name

Divorce

Keeping of Registers

Supply of Registers

Prohibition on Removal of Registers

Compulsory Indications. - 1. Registers of Communes

2. Other Registers

Form of Registers

Duplicate Registers

Storage of the Registers

Storage of Duplicate Registers

Notice

No Unutilized Leaves

Leaf Unutilized by Mistake

Index

Destruction of Register or Duplicate Registers

Destruction of Register and Duplicates

Control of the Keeping of Registers

Particulars to be Mentioned

Particulars Which May Not be Mentioned

Unknown or Uncertain Information

No Abbreviations

No Erasures or Words Written Over Others

Signature

Leaves Not Utilized

Probative Force of Records

Records Not Entered in Registers

Particulars of Record

Declaration of Birth

Foundlings

Particulars of Records of Death

When Record Required

Persons Obligated to Declare Death

Death in Another Person’s House

Hospitals, Schools, Hotels and Prisons

Soldiers on Active Service

Finding of Corpse

Corpse Not Found. - 1. Judgment Declaring Death

2. Court Having Jurisdiction

Disasters. - I. Collective Judgment

2. Individual Extracts

Date of Death

Annulment of Judgment Declaring Death

Particulars of Records of Marriage

When Record Required

Duty to Declare Marriage

Drawing up Ex Officio of Record

Principle

Application for Correction

Clerical Mistakes

Other Cases

Manner in Which the Record is Corrected

Drawing Up of New Record

Authority of Judicial Decision

Record of Birth

Record of Death

Records of Marriage

Depositaries of Duplicates

Corrected Records

Form and Cost

Probative Force

Verification

Civil Liability of Officials

Refusal to Draw up Record

Liability of Witnesses and Declarants

Principle

Authorization

Who Draws up the Act

Particulars of the Act

Report Annexed Thereto

Probative Value

Liability of Witnesses

Application

Publication of Application

Inquiry

Principle of Decision

Postponement of Judgment

Duty to Declare Absence

Day of Last News

Judgment Declaring Death

Costs of Proceedings

Marriage

Succession Devolving on Absentee

Rights Depending on Death of Absentee

Obligations Depending on Life of Absentee

Property of Absentee

Principle

Return of Absentee

Presumption of Death

Definition

Mere Sojourn in a Place

Persons Without Proved Residence

Several Residences

Minors and Interdicted Persons

Public Officials

Traders

Residence Stipulated

Definition

Presumed Intention

Professional and Family Life

Unity of Domicile

Change of Domicile

Unknown Domicile

Minor

Interdicted Person

Rule of Capacity

General Disabilities

Special Disabilities

Voluntary Restrictions

Proof Of Disability

Bodies Corporate and Property with a Specific Destination

Definition

Disability of Minors

Principle

Proof to the Contrary

Proof of Judicial Decision

Appeal

Best Interests of the Minor

Respect for Views of the Minor

Authority of Parents

Default of One of the Parents

Divorce of Parents

Testamentary Guardian. - 1. Principle

2. Condition for Appointment

3. Application to the Court

Relatives Called upon to Exercise Such Function. - 1. Order to be Followed

2. Possible Modification of Such Order

When There is No Relative Enabled in Terms of Law

Appointment by the Court. - 1. Relative of the Minor by Consanguinity or Affinity

2. Institution of Assistance

Assimilated Cases

Co-Guardian

Guardian ad hoc. - 1. Conflict of Interests between Guardian and Minor

2. Conflict of Interest of Several Minors

Commencement of Function

Compulsory Nature of Function

Application for Exemption

Legal Exemptions

Obligation to Exercise such Function Provisionally

Termination of Function

Incapacities. 1. Minor

2. Judicially Interdicted Persons

Unworthiness

1. Removal of Guardian. Improper Care

2. Removal of Guardian. Improper Administration

3. Removal of Ascendants

4. Procedure

Duties and Powers of the Court

Guardian May be Remunerated

Personal Nature of Function

Duties of Heirs

Proof of Capacity of Guardian

Analogy with the Guardian

Principle

Where There Are No Ascendants

Divorce of Father and Mother

Additional Members

Exclusion of Members

Appointment of Additional Members

Meetings by Virtue of the Law

Convocation of Council

Time

Order of the Day

Meeting Place

Expenses

Consultation by Letter

No Representation of Members

Majority Required

Position of Guardian

Position of Minor

Substitution of Court for Council. - 1. Failure to Reach Majority

2. Urgency

Appeal

Appointment

Supervision of Guardian

Replacement of, or Assistance to, Guardian

Nature of Office

Residence of Minor

Health of Minor

Social Contacts and Correspondence

General and Professional Education

Income of Minors. - 1. General Case

2. Considerable Income

3. Work of a Minor

4. Property Donated or Bequeathed

5. Assignment or Attachment of Income

Exercise of Authority of Father and Mother. - 1. Principle

2. Disputes

Appeal to the Family Council. - 1. Principle

2. Where the Guardian is the Father or Mother

Principle

Inventory and Valuation of Property. - 1. After the Guardian Assumes his Function

2. Succession Devolving on the Minor

Property of Guardian Mixed with that of the Minor

Securities and Articles of Value to be Deposited in a Safe Place

Convening Family Council

Instructions by the Family Council

Property Donated, Bequeathed or Devolving on Minor

Commercial or Other Enterprises

Alienation of Certain Property

Securities to Bearer

Debts and Claims

Investment of Capitals. - 1. Duty of Guardian

2. Time

3. Nature of Property to be Acquired

Sanction

Leases

Successions

Gift or Bequest

Contracting Suretyship

Compromise

Contracts between Guardian and Minor

Loans

Consultation of Minor

Authorization to Conclude Transactions Given to the Minor. - 1. Principle

2. Everyday Transactions

3. Effect with Regard to the Guardian

Will

Marriage

Expenses of Management

Rendering of Accounts of Management

Reference

Principle

Annulment

Good Faith of Person Contracting with Minor

Payments

Non-Contractual Obligations

Acts Regularly Performed

Violation of Legal Provisions

Violation of Instructions Not Laid Down by Law

Co-Guardian and Guardian ad hoc

Guardians

Assistant Guardian

Acting Guardian

Members of Family Council

Causes

Marriage

Explicit Emancipation. - 1. Conditions

2. Application

3. Inadmissibility of Application

Effects

Irrevocability

Principle

Where there is No Inventory

Approval of Accounts

Limitation

Definition

Infirm Persons

Mental Impairment

Consequences

Annulment

Protection of Third Parties

Judgment of Interdiction

Application for Interdiction

Procedure for Interdiction

Appeal

Register of Judicially Interdicted Persons

Notice of Judgment

Protection of Interdicted Person

Guardian

Family Council. - 1. Constitution

2. Meeting Place

Residence of Interdicted Person

Income of Interdicted Person

Appeal against Decisions of the Guardian

Father and Mother of Interdicted Person

Leases

Gifts

Will

Marriage

Divorce. -

Paternity

Limitation of Effects of Interdiction. - 1. Principle

2. Effect

Nullity of the Acts of an Interdicted Person

Liability of Guardian of Interdicted Person. - 1. Principle

2. Good Faith

Liability of Registrar

Withdrawal of Interdiction. - 1. Application

2. Pronouncement

3. Effects

The State

Territorial Subdivisions of the State

Ministries

Public Administrative Authorities and Establishments

Religious Institutions and Religious Communities

Limitations

Powers and Organs

Failure to Comply with Legal Requirements

Nullity

Extra-Contractual Liability

Definition

Grouping to Secure or Share Profits

Trade Unions

Memorandum of Association

Obligation to Draw up Statutes

Purpose of Statutes

Contents and Form of Statutes

Adoption of Model Statutes

Deposit of Statutes

Communication of Statutes

Associates

New Members

Promise to Join an Association

Equality of Associates

Personal Nature of Membership

Exercise of the Rights of an Associate

Subscriptions

Right to Withdraw from the Association

Expulsion of an Associate

The Association Does Not Represent the Associates

Appointment of Directors

Directors Must be Members

Board of Management

Powers of Directors. - I. Law

2. Statutes

3. Memorandum of Association or General Meeting

Provisional Director

Proof of Capacity

Liability of Directors

Exclusion from Right to Vote

Character of Supreme Organ

Appointment and Control of Directors

Dismissal of Directors

Admission and Expulsion of Members

Amendment of Statutes. - 1. Principle

2. Restriction

Convocation. - 1. Principle

2 Right of Associates

3. Convocation by the Court

4. Procedure and Time

Voting at Meetings

Equivalence

Nullity of Decisions of a General Meeting. - 1. Action

2. Authority of the Judgment

Suspension of Decisions

Principle

Name

Residence

Capacity

Gifts and Legacies

Extra-Contractual Liability of the Association

Surety for the Debts of the Association

Dissolution. - 1. Statutes

2. General Meeting

3. Court

4. Administrative Decision

State of Liquidation

Liquidators. - 1. Appointment

2. Powers

3. Liability

Devolution of Property

Office of Associations

Deposit of Statutes

Register of Declared Associations

Progressive Number

File of the Association

General Meetings. - 1. Convocation

2. Decisions

3. Annulment of Decisions

Amendments of Statutes

Directors of the Association

Balance Sheet

Ministry of Local Government

Definition

Forms

Administrative Approval Necessary

Application of Approval. - 1. During Lifetime of Founder

2. After his Death

Revocation of Act of Endowment

Retroactivity of Approval

Protection and Control of Endowment

Statutes of Endowment

Management

Committee of Management

Functions of Committee of Management

Amendments of Statutes. - 1. Principle

2. Prohibition by Founder

Meetings of Committee

Decisions of Committee

Rights and Obligations of Endowment

Rights of Beneficiaries of Endowment

Termination of Endowment

Amalgamation of Several Endowments

Liquidation and Control

Need of Authorization

Organization of Committee

Gifts and Subscriptions

Liability of Members

Termination of Committee

Dissolution of Committee

Liquidation. - 1. Insufficient Property

2. Balance

Change into an Endowment

Definition

Form

Beneficiary of Trust

Number of Trustees

Appointment of Trustee

Resignation of Trustee

Dismissal of Trustee

Proof of Trusteeship

Several Trustees

Administration of Trust

Judicial Representation of Trust

Powers of Trustee

Directions of Settlor. - 1. Principle

2. Sanctions

Replacement of Property

No Personal Benefit

Indemnity

Liability of Trustee

Rendering of Accounts. - 1. To Whom it is Made

2. When

Creditors of Trustee

Creditors of the Trust

Rights of Beneficiary. - 1. In Relation to the Trustee

2. On the Property of the Trust

Creditors of Beneficiary. - 1. Principle

2. Power of the Court

Termination of the Trust. - 1. Normal Case

2. Power of the Court

Liquidation of the Trust

Bodies Corporate

Property with a Specific Destination

Effect of Authorization or Approval

Restriction

Revocation of Authorization or Approval

Natural Relationship

Computation of Degrees

Affinity

Limitation up to Third Degree

Double Affinity

Continuation of Affinity

Relationship by Adoption

Saving Clauses

Family of Origin

Definition

Simple Promise of Marriage

Existence of Obstacle to Marriage

Form of Betrothal

Witnesses

Proof of Betrothal

Duration of Betrothal

Breach of Betrothal

Effects of Breach. - 1. Expenses and Restitution

2. Moral Prejudice

5. Penalty

Limitation

Various Kinds of Marriages

Civil Marriage

Religious Marriage

Marriage According to Custom

Age

Consanguinity, Including by Adoption

Affinity

Filiation Not Established legally

Bigamy

Representation Not Allowed

Marriage of Minors

Judicially Interdicted Persons

Threat

Error of Substance

Opposition. - 1. By Whom Made

2. Time and Form

3. Withdrawal of Opposition

4. Impossibility

Period of Widowhood

Competent Civil Status Officer

Undertaking Not to Marry

Request for Celebration of Marriage

Refusal to Celebrate marriage

Appeal against Refusal

Fixing Date of Marriage

Publicity of Marriage

Formalities of Celebration

Religious Marriage

Marriage According to Custom

Age

Consanguinity or Affinity

Bigamy

Marriage of Incapacitated Person

Threat

Error

Other Causes

Nullity

Fine and Damages

Various Forms of Marriage Equivalent

Consummation of Marriage

Contract of Marriage

Incapacity of a Spouse

Form of Contract

Deposit of Contract

Restrictions upon Freedom of Contracting

Modifications to Contract of Marriage

Contracts between Spouses

Legal Regime

Respect, Fidelity, Protection, Support and Assistance

Management of Family. - 1. General Case

2. Impediment of One Spouse

Children of Previous Marriage

Cohabitation

Establishment of Residence

Separation by Agreement

Occupation of Spouses

Personal Property of Spouses. - 1. Property Not Acquired by Onerous Title

2. Property Acquired by Onerous Title

Administration of Personal Property. - 1. Principle

Common Property

Presumption

Salaries and Income. - 1. Normal Management

2. Rights of Spouse

Administration of Common Property

Duty to Give Notice

Restriction of Powers

Debts of Spouses

Debts in the Interest of Household

Contribution to Household Expenses

Modes of Proofs

Record of Marriage

Possession of Status

Act of Notoriety

Authorization Necessary

When Authorization May be Given

Duties of Civil Status Officer

Forms and Approval

Probative Value

Nullity or Dissolution of Marriage

Various Forms of Marriage Equivalent

Various Causes

Repudiation

Petition for Divorce

Provisional Measures

Revision May be Made

Attempt to Reconcile

Agreement on Conditions of Divorce

Time for the Delivery of Award of Family Arbitrators

Contents of Award

Support of Former Spouse Following Divorce

Supplementary Award

Custody, of Children

Revision May be Made

Autonomy of Agreements

Retaking Personal Property

Indemnities

Unlawful Enrichment

Partition of Common Property

General Rule

Unequal Treatment of Spouses

Transfer of Personal Property

Rule to be Followed

Support

Transfer of Property

Position of Surviving Cohabitee

Existence of Valid Betrothal

Disputes Arising Out of Betrothal

Existence of Valid Marriage

Difficulties Arising Out of Marriage

Dissolution of Marriage by Death

Petition for Divorce

Disputes Arising Out of Divorce

Existence of Divorce

Appointment of Arbitrators

Designation of Supplementary Arbitrators

Replacement of Arbitrator

Failure to Appoint Arbitrator

Failure by Arbitrators to Give Decision

Submission to Court Instead of to Arbitrators

Appointment of Family Arbitrators by Court

Procedure

Making of Award

Execution

Appeal from Award

Grounds of Appeal

Court to Which Appeal Lies

Powers of Appellate Court

Remission for Consideration

Setting Aside of Award

Grounds for Application

Decision on Application

Legal Rules Mandatory

Maternal Filiation

Paternal Filiation

Appointment

Contestation by the Father

Contestation by the Mother

Contestation by the Child

Death of Father, Mother or Child

Retroactive Effect of a Contestation of Paternity

Formalities

Representation

Retroactive Effect of Acknowledgment

Nullity

Consent by Child or Mother

Annulment

Death of Father, Mother or Child

Retroactive Effect of Annulment

Bringing of Action

Retroactive Effect

Record of Birth

Possession of Status

Action of Child to Claim his Status

Adoptive Filiation

Age of Adopter

Adoption of Child Merely Conceived

Children of Adopter

Adoption by One Spouse

Parties to the Contract

Consent of Parents of Adopted Child

Approval of Adoption

Conditions for Approval

Revocation of Adoption

Institutions and Bodies. Duty to Keep Record and Disclose

Biological Parent or Other Person Who Has the Custody

Artificial Procreation

Resolution of Disputes

Subject-Matter of the Obligation

Persons between Whom the Obligation Exists

Where there is No Obligation

Abrogation of Obligation of Support by the Court

Remarriage

Conditions for the Existence of the Obligation

Mode Of Fulfillment of Obligation

Possibility of Revision

Duration of Obligation of Support of Former Spouse

Place Where Allowance Paid

Arrears. - 1. May Not be Assigned or Attached

2. No Accumulation

Creditor may be Taken into Liable Debtor’s House

Plurality of Debtors. - 1. Principle

2. Recourse

3. Order of Obligation

4. Agreement between Co-debtors

Case of Adoption

Funeral Expenses

Particular Agreements

Opening of Succession

Notarial Duties

Saisine

Things Making up Inheritance. - 1. Life Insurance

2. Pensions and Indemnities

Different Kinds of Succession

Condition Required for Succeeding

Survival of Heir to the Deceased

Persons Dying Simultaneously

Death of Heir

Child Merely Conceived

Bodies Corporate

State of Children, Born In or Out of Wedlock or Adopted

Sex, Age, Nationality of Heir

Unworthiness. - 1. Crimes or Condemnations

2. Explanation

3. Other Causes

4. Pardon by Deceased

Rights of Third Parties

First Relationship

Second Relationship

Third Relationship

Fourth Relationship

Representation

Limitation to Sixth Degree

Strictly Personal Nature

Prohibition of Joint Wills

Undertakings Relating to Wills

Capacity

Insanity

Execution Impossible

Illicit Provisions

Threat

Undue Influence. - 1. Principle

2. Provisions in Favor of Guardian

3. Physicians and Clergymen

4. Notary or Witness of Will

5. Spouse of Testator

6. Relations

7. Application for Invalidation

8. Court to Give Reasoned Decision

Fraud

Mistake

Effect of Nullity of a Provision

Nullity of Conditions or Burdens

Various Kinds of Wills

Central Registration

Public Will

Capacity of Witnesses

Holograph Will

Erasures, Cancellations and Words Written Over

Additions

Oral Will

More than One Will

Proof of Will

Express Revocation

Destruction or Cancellation

Alienation of the Thing Bequeathed

Lapse of Oral Wills

Lapse of Holograph Wills

Birth of Child

Provision in Favor of Spouse

Lapse of Legacies

Different Kinds of Dispositions

Interpretation

Presumption

Legacies by Universal or Singular Title

Legacies and Rules of Partition

Appointment of Legatee by Universal Title. - 1. Form

2. Effects

Determination of Beneficiary of Legacy

Legacy in Favor of the Poor

Several Legatees

Determination of Subject of Legacy

Principle

Condition of Marrying or Not Marrying

Presumption

Security

Principle

Limit of Obligation

Execution of Charge

Dissolution of Legacies

Unforeseen Circumstances and Legacy or Charge

Substitutio Vulgaris

Principle

Persons Who may be Called to Succeed

Effects

Limitation of Power of the Court

Time for Bringing Action

Limitation of Substitution to One Passage

Refusal by Institute

Default of Person Called to Succeed

Express

Special Provision Regarding Descendants

Tacit Disinheritance

Prohibition of Certain Provisions

Guiding Principle

Position of Creditors of the Inheritance

Position of Creditors of Heirs

What the Liquidation Consists of

Agreement Providing for Arbitration

Dispositions Providing for Arbitration

Principle

Designation by Law

Designation by Will

Liquidator who is a Minor or an Interdicted Person

Judicial Liquidation. - 1. Unaccepted Inheritance or Vacant Succession

2. Other Cases

Security

Voluntary Nature of Functions

Resignation

Termination of Functions

Duties of Liquidator

Limitation of Powers

Several Liquidators

Remuneration of Liquidator

Rendering Accounts of Management

Liability of the Liquidator

Search for a Will

Duty to Declare Will

Deposit of Will

Opening of Will. - 1. Date

2 Anticipated Opening

3. Place

4. Publicity

5. Order of the Day

6. Several Wills

Establishing of Persons Entitled to the Succession. - 1. Testate Succession

2. Intestate Succession

Arbitration

Action of Nullity. - 1. -Persons Present

2. Persons Not Present

3. Provisional Measures

No Forced Succession

Personal Nature of the Option

Time for Making the Choice

Form of Renunciation

Forms of Acceptance Under the Benefit of Inventory

Forms of Full Acceptance

Renunciation in Favor of Others

Misappropriation or Concealment

Death of Heir Before Opting

Partial Acceptance or Renunciation

Actio Pauliana

Time of Effectiveness of Acceptance

Effect of Acceptance in Full and under the Benefit of Inventory

Effect of Renunciation

Annulment

Certificate of Heir. - 1. Issue

2. Effects

3. Annulment

Petitio Haereditatis. - 1. Principle

2. Effects

3. Legatee by Universal and Singular Title

Principle

Power of the Liquidator

Disposal of Property Pertaining to the Inheritance

Property Destined for Payment

Seals

Inventory

Debts of Deceased

Liquidation After Mandatory Inventory

Valuation of Property

Duties of Heirs

Information to Interested Persons

Revision of Valuation

Order to be Followed

Funeral Expenses

Expenses of Administration

Exigible Debts

Executive Title

Debts Not Exigible

Determination of Creditors Regarding Support

Time of Payment and Character of the Claim

Living Standard of Creditors Regarding Support

Unworthiness

Claim of Creditor-Descendant

Claim of Creditor-Spouse

Claim by Creditor

Agreements Relating to Obligations for Support

Principle

Option of the Legatee

More than One Legacy

Effect of Refusal

Time of Payment

Reduction of Legacies

Legacy of a Determinate Thing

Legacy of Thing of a Given Genus

Legacy of Thing Which is Not Within Disposal

Legacy of a Claim

Legacy of an Annuity

Fruits and Interest

Community of Hereditary Estate

Assignment of Rights to a Succession

Pre-emption in Case of Assignment of Rights to a Succession

Time of Partition

Time Limit for Partition

Disposition or Agreement Concerning Community

Principle of Collation

Gift Subject to Collation

Exemption from Collation

Income or Premiums

Indirect Benefits

Status of Heir Acquired After the Day of the Liberality

Representation

Effect of Collation

Effect of Collation Limited to Relations between Heirs

Principle of Collation Consists in Taking Less

Value to be Collated

Loss of Property Donated

Partition by Whom Made

Failing Agreement between Heirs

Approval by the Court

Rule to be Followed

Valuation of Property. - 1. Principle

2. Appraisement by Expert

Formation of Shares

Rule of Partition in Kind

How Shares Are Made up

Debts of the Heirs

Property Which is Difficult to Divide. - 1. Principle

2. Sale by Auction

Family Objects

Nature of Rights to be Divided

Keeping Community between Several Co-Heirs

Reference

Amount of Indemnity

By Whom Indemnity is Due

Right to Have Securities

No Warranty

Causes of Annulment

Property Omitted

Concealment of Property

Rectification of Partition. - 1. Case in Which it Takes Place

2. Time

3. Effects

Payment of Indemnities

Actio Pauliana

Division of Claim

Creditors’ Right to Object to Partition or to the Merger of Property

Insolvency of One of the Co-Heirs

Assimilation of Legatees to Creditors

Relations between the Heirs

Prohibition of Pacts on Future Successions

Acceptance or Renunciation of a Future Succession

Institution by Contract

Principle

Forms

Subject-Matter

Omitted Property

Omitted Children. - 1. Nullity of the Gift

2. Exception,

Lesion

Division of Property

Movables

Claims and Securities

Natural Forces

Immovables

Integral Parts of a Thing. - 1. Principle

2. Definition

3. Trees and Crops

4. Rights of Third Parties

Definition

Direct or Indirect Possession

Loss of Possession

Temporary Hindrance

Transfer of Possession

Documents Representing the Property

Constructive Possession

Secret or Dubious Possession

Change of Title

Use of Force

Legal Action

Junction of Possessions

Principle

Reference

Usucaption of a Succession

Beginning of Usucaption

Succeeding to Possession

Involuntary Loss

Acquisition by Prescription of Right of Action

Principle

Definition and Proof of Good Faith

Time When Good Faith Must Exist

When Ownership Cannot be Reclaimed

Possibility of Reclaiming Stolen Property

Indemnity Due to the Possessor

Stolen Cultural Objects

Compensation

Currency and Securities to Bearer and Order

Principle

Animals

Bees

Duties of Finder

Detention of Object

Sale of Object

Recovery of Object by Owner

Reward to Finder

Acquisition of Ownership by Finder

Treasure

Antiques

Definition

Scope of Right

Right to Reclaim Property

Fruits for Possessor in Good Faith

Increase from Breading

Against Will of Landholder

Without Objection by Landholder

Claim by Landholder

Against Will of Landholder

With Landholder’s Permission

Compensation

Against Will of Landholder

Without Objection by Landholder

Compensation

Accession

Specification

Merger and Embodiment

Fences

Boundary Marks

Holding Under the Land

Excavations or Works Underground

Holding Above the Land

Branches and Roots

Buildings and Plantations

Works Above or Below Land

Trespass

Trespass Necessary. - 1. Imminent Damage or Danger

2. Repair of Wall or Building

3. Lost Things or Animals

Pipes

Right of Way

Abuse

Restrictions Binding

Use by Community

Appropriation of Water

Legal Provisions Regarding Water

Fishing and Navigation

Power of the Court

Right of Holder

Right of Neighbors

Right of Neighbors How Exercised

Prohibited Works

Right of Holder

Priority of Domestic Use

Penalty

Compensation

Amount of Compensation

Court Having Jurisdiction

Right of Holder

Restriction

Hydraulic Power

Rainwater

Duties of Landholders Below

Drainage

New Springs

Right of Holder

Compensation

Use of Works

Right of Holders

Laying Out of Pipes

Compensation

Underground Water

Presumption of Ownership

Title Deeds

Proof to the Contrary

Duties of Administrative Authorities

Liability of the State

Demarcation of Lands

Buildings, Plantations and Works

Party-Walls

Ditches

Water, Gas and Electrical Supply

Cause of Transfer

Immovable Property

Movable Things

Postponement of Transfer of Ownership

Loss of Thing

Acquisition by Third Party

Waiving of Right

Principle

Co-ownership: How Regulated

Equality of Shares

Disposal of Share

Legal Right of Pre-Emption

Surrender of Share

Use of Property

Increase

Administration

Costs

Sale and Encumbrance

Partition

Partition Entire Co-Ownership

Creditor Demands Partition

Partition by the Court

Provision for Arbitration

Replacement

Accounts

Acquirer of Share

Debt Co-Owner

Annulment of Partition

Co-Ownership Arising from a Legal Act

Co-Ownership de Jure

No Severance or Partition

Access

Maintenance, Cleaning, Renewal

Transfer of Share

Building against Wall

Agreement between Co-Owners

Division into Apartment Rights

Division Intended Building

Obligation of Owners

Agreement of Division

No Right of Disposal

Contents of Agreement of Division

Contents of By-Laws and Statutes of Association of Owners

Equal Shares, Contributions

Hypothec and Attachment

Transfer

Servitude

Alterations

Use

Authorization by Court

Transfer of Rights

Usufruct

The Association of Owners

Attribution of Powers

Management

Meeting

Decisions

Use of Common Portions

Nullity of Decision

Annulment of Decision

Manager. - 1. Appointment

2. Written Authority

3. Remuneration

4. Revocation

5. Duties

Liability

Access to Separate Units

Summons or Notices

Representing Person

Disputes Regarding Repairs

Modification

Authorization by Court

Annulment of Modification

Rights in Rem:

Termination of Division

Order by Court

Compliance

Rights in Rem after Termination

Dissolving Association

Attribution of the Right

Works of the Mind

Translations and Adaptations

Encyclopedias and Anthologies

Official Texts

Right of Publication

Production and Reproduction of the Work

Adaptations

Translations

Performances and Communication to the Public

Rental Right

Articles and Information of Topical Interest

Public Speeches

Collection of Speeches or Articles

Limitation of the Exclusive Right of Reproduction

Quotations

Assignment of the Work

Reference to Rules Governing Contracts of Publications

Alteration of a Work

Ascertainment of the Author

Anonymous Works

Works Produced By Several Authors. - 1. Rights of Co-Authors

2. Protection of Third Parties

Terms of Protection

Integrity Rights After Death of Author

Enforcement of Literary or Artistic Rights of Ownership

Definitions

Rights of a Performer

Rights of a Phonogram Producer

Reference to other Articles

Term of Protection

Territorial Criteria of Application

Definition

References

Rights of Usufructuary

Upkeep of the Property

Ordinary Charges

Contribution by Owner Entitled to Share

Extraordinary Charges

Inventory

Restoration

Alienation

Replacement

Leasing of Property

Termination of Lease

Transfer and Encumbrance

Loss of Property

Insurance

Extinction of Usufruct

Cancellation of Usufruct

Abandonment of Usufruct

Owner Disposing of Property

Surety

More than One Person

Actions

Legal Proceedings

Fruits

Treasure

Destination, Changes

Right to Vote

Considerable Repairs

Debts under a Hypothec

Duty to Inform Owner

Loss of Property

Partial Loss

Usufruct of Flock

Limitation

Income

Exceptional Profits

Subscription for New Shares

Capital Constituted By Credit or Right

Usufruct of an Annuity

Issue of the Distinct Title Deeds

Definition

Beneficiary of Right

Right Extending to Part of a House

Expenses of Maintenance

Right Not Transmissible

Other Provisions Applicable

Definition

Obligation to Tolerate or Not to Do

Change of Owner

Creation of Servitude

Interpretation of Doubtful Clauses

Acquiring by Usucaption

Effect on Third Parties

License

Extent of Servitude

Means Necessary for the Enjoyment

Necessary Works

Surrender of Servient Tenement

Duties of Owner Dominant Tenement

Division of Lands

More Than One Owner

Changing Extent of Servitude

Modification or Cancellation by Court

Cancellation Due to Impossibility to Exercise Servitude

Modification Due to Unforeseen Circumstances

Conditions Determined By Court

Abandonment

Merger

Definition

Scope of this Chapter

Conditions for Validity

Maximum Time Limit

Expropriation

Right Not Transmissible

Attachment of the Property

Right of Pre-Emption

Effect on Third Parties. - 1. Immovables

2 Movables

Right of Beneficiary

State Property and Provisions Applicable Thereto

Public Domain

Limits of Public Domain

Public Domain Inalienable

Possession in Good Faith and Usucaption

Concessions

Occupation of Public Domain

Failure to Perform Obligations

Right of Competent Authorities

Authority to Expropriate

National or Public Interest

Expropriation in Exceptional Cases

Rights Subject to Expropriation

Declaration of Public Utility

Specification

Personal Notification of Decision

Time Barred Negotiation

Judicial Proceedings of Expropriation

Statement of Claim

Special Requirements of Statement

Defense and Judgment on Expropriation

Appeal

Judgment of Expropriation

Expert Estimation

Expert Report

Legal Costs

Indirect Expropriation. - 1. Principle

2. Application

3. Restriction

Full Indemnification

Modifications

Date of Reference

True Value Indemnified

Advantages and Disadvantages

Abandoning Project. - 1. Principle

2. Right of Pre-emption

Indemnification of Expropriated Rights

Indemnification of Expropriated Rented Premises

Creation of Area

Plan

Deposition

Objections

Carrying Out of Plan

Government Approval

Compensation

Provisions for Use of the Land

Building Permit

Particulars in Application

Other Particulars

Granting of Permit

Authorized Conditions

Prohibited Conditions

Creation of Servitude

Absence of Permit

Provisions Regarding Individual Ownership

Contract Defined

Provisions Applicable to Contracts

Scope of Application of this Title

Freedom of Contract

Binding Character of Contract

Mandatory Rules

Modification by the Parties

Good Faith and Fair Dealing

Usages and Practices

Notice

Definitions

Manner of Formation

Definition of Offer

Withdrawal of Offer

Revocation of Offer

Rejection of Offer

Mode of Acceptance

Duty to Accept

Invoices

Declaration of Intent

Sale by Auction

Public Promise of a Reward

Time of Acceptance

Acceptance Within a Fixed Period of Time

Late Acceptance. Delay in Transmission

Withdrawal of Acceptance

Modified Acceptance or Counter-Offer

Writings in Confirmation

Conclusion of Contract Dependent on Agreement on Specific Matters or in a Specific Form

Contract with Terms Deliberately Left Open

Negotiations in Bad Faith

Duty of Confidentiality

Elements of Contract

Capacity to Conclude Contracts

Definition of Mistake

Relevant Mistake

Fraud

Threat

Gross Disparity

Third Persons

Form of Contracts

Effect of Provisions as to Form

Preliminary Contracts

Variations

Contracts Relating to Immovables

Contracts Made with a Public Administration

Contracts for a Long Period of Time

Agreed Form

Written Form

Signature

Witnesses. - 1. Capacity

2. Duties

Merger Clause

Written Modification Clauses

Initial Impossibility

Contracts Contrary to Good Morals, Public Order or Mandatory Rules of Law

Anti-Corruption Provision

Actio Pauliana

Presumption That Both Parties Knew of the Prejudice to Creditors

Presumption that the Debtor Knew of the Prejudice to Creditors

Party

Confirmation

Loss of Right to Avoid

Notice of Avoidance

Time Limits

Avoidance by Court

Partial Avoidance

Retroactive Effect of Avoidance

Damages

Mandatory Character of the Provisions

Unilateral Declarations

Express and Implied Obligations

Implied Obligations

Co-operation between the Parties

Duty to Achieve a Specific Result. Duty of Best Efforts

Determination of Kind of Duty Involved

Determination of Quality of Performance

Price Determination

Contract for an Indefinite Period

Contracting Under Standard Terms

Surprising Terms

Conflict between Standard Terms and Non-Standard Terms

Battle of Forms

Standard Terms Used Vis-a-vis a Consumer

Unfairness of Standard Terms Used Vis-a-vis Consumer

Interpretation

Grey List

Group. Action and Public Action

Intention of the Parties

Interpretation of Statements and Other Conduct

Relevant Circumstances

Reference to Contract or Statement as a Whole

All Terms to be Given Effect

Contra Proferentum Rule

Gratuitous Contracts

Linguistic Discrepancies

Time of Performance

Performance at One Time or in Installments

Partial Performance

Order of Performance

Earlier Performance

Place of Performance

Payment by Cheque or Other Instrument

Payment by Funds Transfer

Currency of Payment

Currency Not Expressed

Costs of Performance

Imputation of Payments

Imputation of Non-Monetary Obligations

Application for Public Permission

Procedure in Applying For Permission

Permission Neither Granted Nor Refused

Permission Refused

Contract to be Observed

Definition of Hardship

Effects of Hardship

Applicability

Determination of Period

Commencement of Period Determined by Period of Time

Ending of Period on Non-Work Day

Procedure for Performing Actions on Last Day of Period

Period Extended

Benefit of Period of Time

Waiving of Benefit of Time

Rights of Creditor

Loss of Benefit of Time

No Period of Time Set

Principle

Suspensive Condition

Resolutory Condition

Non-Interference

Performance before Fulfillment of a Resolutory Condition

Performance before Fulfillment of a Suspensive Condition

Acts of Management

Acts Beyond Management

Fruits and Profits

Protective Measures

Unlawful or Immoral Condition

Condition Depending on a Party

Definition

Alternative Obligation Becoming Simple

Passing of the Right to Choose

Impossibility to Perform

Liability for Equal Shares

Right to Full Performance

Reasonableness and Equity

Renunciation by Gratuitous Title

Share in the Debt

Defenses of Co-Debtor

Subrogation

Attribution to All Co-Debtors

Renunciation of the Right to Claim

Right to Claim an Equal Share

Rules Pertaining to Solidarity Applicable Mutatis Mutandis

Non-Performance Defined

Interference by the Other Party

Withholding Performance

Cure by Non-Performing Party

Additional Period for Performance

Extension of Liability

Limitation of Liability

Performance of Monetary Obligation

Performance of Non-Monetary Obligation

Repair and Replacement of Defective Performance

Change of Remedy

Right to Terminate the Contract

Notice of Termination

Termination by Court

Prescription

Anticipatory Non-Performance

Adequate Assurance of Due Performance

Effects of Termination in General

Restitution

Right to Damages

Full Compensation

Certainty of Injury

Foreseeability of Injury

Replacement Transaction

Current Price

Injury Due In Part to Aggrieved Party

Mitigation of Injury

Interest for Failure to Pay Money

Interest on Damages

Manner of Monetary Redress

Penal Clause

No compensation for Injury

Warning Required

Correction by Court

Invalidation

Contractual Sanctions

Causes of Extinction

Force Majeure

Cases of Force Majeure

Absence of Force Majeure

Principle

Principle

Negative Conditions

Period of Grace

Imputation of Payments

Effect

Rights of Third Persons

Only when Raised

Waiving of the Right to Set-Off

Contractual Set-Off

Set-off by the Court

One’s Own Right to Set-Off

No Prescription

Notice of Termination

Suspension by the Surety

Current Account

Document in Proof

Principle

End of Merger

Prescription Period

Performance of a Contractual Obligation

Amounts Payable Periodically

Undue Payment

Compensation for Injury

Termination of a Contract

Prescription of Principal Obligation

Beginning of Period

Termination of an Unlawful Situation

Stolen Cultural Objects

Petitio Haereditatis

Interruption

Written Warning

Acknowledgment of a Right

New Prescription Period

Extension

Cause for Extension

No Application Ex Officio

Pledge and Hypothec

Execution of a Judicial or Arbitral Decision

Application Mutatis mutandis

Areas of Law Other Than Patrimonial Law

Relative Effect of Contract

Promise for Third Party

Effect

Stipulation for the Benefit of Third Party

Acceptance

Designation as Beneficiary

Claim of Performance

Defense for Conduct of Employee

Assignment of Rights

Scope of Assignment

Warranty of Performance

Valid Defenses

Opposability of Assignment to Debtor

Subrogation

Subrogation by Contract

Legal Subrogation

Effect of Subrogation or Assignment

Duties of Original Creditor

Principle of Delegation

Acceptance by Creditor

Revocation of Delegation

Rights of Delegate

Insolvency of Delegate

Securities

Assignment of Undertaking

Amalgamation of Undertakings

Formation of Partnership

Principle

Stipulation for the Benefit of Third Party

Attachment

Agreements Entered Into By Debtor

Exceptions

Preservatory Measures

Exercise of Debtor's Rights

Simulation

Bankruptcy

Sources of Extra-Contractual Liability

General Principle

Kinds of Fault

Good Usage

Professional Fault

Abuse of Rights

Diversion of Powers

Infringement of a Law

Superior Order

Non-Performance of a Contract

Member of group of persons

Effect of Penal on Civil Action

Assault

Restraint of Liberty

Defamation

Injury to the Rights of Spouses

Duty to Educate and to Supervise

Trespass to Land

Trespass to Goods

Disregard of Contractual Relationship

Unfair Competition

Simulation

Inaccurate Information

Witnesses

Advice or Recommendation

Seizure

Execution of a Court Order

Prescription

Necessity

Bodily Injury

Dangerous Activities

Liability for Animals

Buildings

Machines and Motor Vehicles

Collision between Vehicles

Manufactured Goods

Exemption from Liability

Other Things

Contractual Relationship

Disinterested Relationship

Parental Authority or Guardianship; Liability

Other Guardians of the Child

Principle

Official Fault

Assimilated Cases

Liability of Bodies Corporate

Employer’s Liability

Discharge of Functions

Presumption

Non-Discharge of Functions

Independent Workers

Representatives

Defamation

Joint Liabilities

Modes of Compensation

Extent of Compensation

Future Injury

Insured Victim

Victim Pensioned Off

Mortal Accidents

Good Faith

Fault of the Victim

Unawareness of Fault

Chain of Command

Unforeseeable Injury

Difficulty of Assessment

Necessity

Nominal Injury

Principle

Intentional Fault

Assault

Unlawful Restraint of Liberty

Defamation

Injury to the Rights of Spouses

Abduction of Child

Bodily Injuries or Death

Sexual Offences

Custom

Representative of the Family

Restitution

Restitution in Kind

Honor and Reputation

Injunctions

Unfair Competition

Simulation

~ Legal immunity

Exception

Reference to the Administrative Law

Burden of Proof

Causal Relationship

Scope of Protection

Two or More Events

Benefit to be Computed

Heirs

Victim’s Creditors

Contractual Limitation of Extra-Contractual Liability

Compromise

Date of Assessment of Injury

Res Judicata

No Appeal

Allowance

Solidary Liability

Sole Fault

Shared fault

Subrogation

General Principle

Loss of Enrichment

Undue Payment

Absence of Mistake

Sufficient Cause

No Restitution

Legal Incapacity

Absence of Transfer of a Thing

Scope of this Section

Necessary Expenses

Maintenance

Value Added to the Thing

Bad Faith

Jus Tollendi

Right of Retention

Deterioration

Loss of the Thing

Extent of Indemnity

Increments

Scope of Application

Duties of the Manager

Duties of the Interested Party

Authority

Approval by the Interested Party

Principle

Application for Appointment

Decision of the Court

Definition

Application of this Chapter

Integral Parts of Immovables

Things to be Manufactured

Distinguished from Contract For Services

Subject of Sale

Terms of the Contract

Offers to the Public

Delay or Error in Transmission of Notice

General Provision

Essence of Obligation

Quantity Fixed Approximately

Place of Delivery

Shipping Arrangements

Time of Delivery

Documents Relating to the Things

Simultaneity with payment

Steps Necessary for the Transfer of Ownership

Warranty against Dispossession

Third-Party Intellectual Property Claims

Provisions Excluding or Restricting Warranties

Notice of Third-Party Claims

Making the Seller Join as Party to Proceedings

Compromise

Principle

Conformity with Contract

Buyer’s Knowledge of Non-Conformity

Time when Defects Are to be Considered

Right to Cure up to Date for Delivery

Examination of Things by Buyer

Provision Excluding or Restricting Warranty

Period for Relying on a Nonconformity

Contractual Period of Guarantee

Excuse for Failure to Notify

Seller's Knowledge of Nonconformity

Prescription of Right of Action and Defenses

General Provision

Obligation to Pay the Price

Open-price Contracts

Price Determined By Weight

Place of Payment

Date of Payment

Payment Due Without Request

Credit Sale

Buyer’s Obligation to Take Delivery

Expenses of Contract

Expenses of Payment

Expenses of Delivery

Expenses after Delivery

Expenses of Transport

Customs Duties

Principle

General Rules

Risk When Contract Involves Carriage

Sale of Things During Transit

Risk When Seller in Breach

Provision Relating to Expenses

Things Shipped in common

Fundamental Breach

Declaration of Termination

Remedies Available to Buyer

Buyer’s Right to Compel Performance

Buyer’s Notice Fixing Additional Time

Cure After Delivery

Buyer’s Right to Terminate the Contract

Loss of Right to Terminate

Reduction of Price

Partial Delivery

Early Delivery. Excess Quantity

Remedies Available to Seller

Seller’s Right to Compel Performance

Seller’s Notice Fixing Additional Time

Seller’s Right to Terminate the Contract

Loss of Right to Terminate the Contract

Missing Specifications

Suspension of Performance

Anticipatory Breach

Installment Contracts

General Provisions

Damages Established by Substitute Transaction

Damages Based on Current Price

Mitigation of Damages

Interest

Exemptions

Failure of Performance Caused by Other Party

Effect of Termination

Buyer’s Inability to Restore Things

Preservation of Other Remedies

Restitution of Benefits Received

Seller’s Duty to Preserve Things

Buyer’s Duty to Preserve Things

Deposit in warehouse

Sale of the Things

Definition

Time for Acceptance

Silence of Buyer

Implied Acceptance

Risk of Loss or Damage

Definition

Right of Option of the Seller

Termination of Contract

Exigibility of Balance

Definition

Termination of Contract

Definition

Time for Redemption

Prohibition

Notice of Intent to Redeem

Obligations of Seller

Securing a Loan

Definition

Voluntary and Forced Auctions

Conditions of Sale

Disclosure of Seller's Identity

Obligations of Bidder

Completed Sale

Payment in Cash

Failure to Pay Price

Warranty Due By Seller

Consumer Sales

Prohibited Terms

Claim for Costs

Use of Vending Machines

Termination

Warranty against Contagious Diseases

Independent Work Relating to Immovables and Sale

Form of Contract

Registration in Registers of Immovable Property

Cooperation of Seller

Seller to Declare Certain Rights

Registered Rights and Burdens

Sale of Immovable Belonging to Others

Lesion

Warranty of Area

Conditions and Time

Rights of Seller

Compulsory Execution of Contract

Sale with Right of Redemption

Reference

Definition

Obligations of Parties

Transfer of Usufruct

Transfer of Incorporeal Property

Definition

Scope

Termination of Contract

Effect of Termination of Contract

Definition

Object of Contract

Price

Time of Payment

Time of Performance

Non-performance of Contract

Preference Clause

Exclusive Clause in Favor of Supplier

Exclusive Clause in Favor of Buyer

Contract for Indefinite Term

Definition. Limitation on Gifts Inter Vivos

Gift Mortis Causa

Endowment and Trust

Gift on the Occasion of Marriage

Gratuitous Services

Renunciation

Imperative Moral Obligations

Reward

Personal Nature of Gift

Promise to Make a Gift

Acceptance by Donee

Donor of Unsound Mind

Unlawful Motive

Undue Influence. - 1. Reference to Successions

2. Gift in Consideration of a Dispute

3. Application How Made

Mistake or Fraud

Publication

Form. - 1. Immovable Things, Movable Things and Bearer Instruments

2. Other Rights and Credits

Disguised Gift

Proof of Gift

Revocation for Ungratefulness. - 1. By the Donor

2. By the Heirs of the Donor

Birth of Child

Object of Gift

Disputed Property

Usufruct Reserved

Gift of Periodic Payments

Conditions or Charges

Impossible or Unlawful Condition or Charge

Limitations on Alienation

Hardship

Gift on the Occasion of Marriage

Duty to Support Donor

Charge for the Payment of Debts

Returning Donated Property

Substitution

Specific Performance of Charge

Avoidance for Failure to Execute Charge

Warranty against Dispossession

Warranty against Defects

Actio Pauliana

Creditors for Support. - 1. Principle

2. Value to be Taken into Account

3. Plurality of Gifts

Definition

Proof of Loan

Relations between Bankers and their Clients

Obligations of Lender and Rights of Borrower

Insolvency of Borrower

Preservation of thing Lent

Risk of Loss or Damage

Interest. - 1. Obligation to Pay

2. Rate of Interest

3. When Payment Due

Compound Interest

Time for Restitution. - 1. Agreed Time

2. Absence of Agreed Time

3. Special Stipulation

Object of Restitution. - 1. Sum in Nakfas

2. Sum in Foreign Currency

3. Commodities or Ingots

Delay of Borrower. - 1. Termination of Contract

2. Damages

Scope

Extension

Owner

Obligation to Deliver

Defective Thing. - J. Termination of the Contract

2. Damages

3. Relation with Termination

4. Holder Knowing of Defect

5. Dangerous Defect

6. Non-liability Clause

Contractual Warranty

Peaceful Possession

Modification to the Thing

Encumbrances and Taxes

Custody and Preservation of the Thing

Duty to Inform the Owner

Cost of Preservation or Upkeep

Owner’s Verification

Disturbance

Claim by a Third Party to the Thing

Obligation to Restore

Inventory

Dispossession of the Holder of a Movable

Loss or Deterioration of the Thing. - 1. Principle

2. Limit of Liability

Holder in Default

Improvements Made to a Movable

Priority on Movables

Definition

Lease and Sale

Lease and Free Loans

Wrongful Use

Upkeep of Object

Payment of Rent

Arrears of Payment

Sub-Lease

Termination of Contract

Indeterminate Contracts

Delay in Return

Extension of the Contract

Scope of this Paragraph

Sale of Cattle. - 1. Rights of Farmer

2. Rights of Lessor

Products of Animals. - 1. Principle

2. Wool

3. Manure

4. Increase from Breeding

Duty to Return Cattle

Deficit. - 1. Loss Borne by the Lessor

2. Loss Borne by the Farmer

3. Extent of Liability

Scope

Model Contracts

Duration of Contract

Notice to Landholder

Inventory of Animals

Upkeep of Animals

Increase from Breeding

Products of Animals

Wool

Sale of Animals

Loss of Animals

Accounts

Termination of Contract

Death of Parties

Settlement of Accounts

Insufficient Number of Animals

Usages or Stipulations Null and Void

Definition

Lease and Sale

Proof of Contract

Entry in Registers of Immovable Property

State of Land and Inventory. - 1. Principle

2. Expenses

3. Sanctions

Repairs. - 1. Duties of Lessor

2. Duty to Give Notice to Lessor

3. Duty to Suffer Repairs

4. Limitation of Duty to Lessor

5. Sanction of Duties of Lessor

Payment of Rent

Right of Retention of Lessor. - 1. Principle

2. Movables Affected

3. Effect

Duration of Contract

Death of Lessor or Lessee

Loss of Immovable Leased

Lessor Failing to Fulfill his Obligations

Lessee Failing to Fulfill his Obligations

Case of Termination Attributable to the Lessee

Lease Set Up against Purchaser of Immovable. - 1. Principle

2. Lease not registered in Registers of Immovable Property

Stipulation Relating to such Case. - 1. Effect

2. Sale with Reservation of Right of Redemption

Restoration: Amount of Damages

Scope of this Paragraph

Model Contracts

Lease of Part of Immovable. - 1. Duties of Lessor

2. Duties of Lessee

Duty to Furnish Immovable Given on Lease

Amount of Rent

When the Rent Falls Due

Delay of Lessee

Repairs Incumbent upon Lessee. - 1. Duties of Lessee

2. Which Repairs are Incumbent upon Lessee

Old Age or Force Majeure

Deprivation of Enjoyment Due to Repairs

Sub-Lease. - 1. Principle

2. Objection by Lessor

3. Provision Restricting Right to Sublet

4. Duties of Lessee

5. Duties of Sub-Lessee

6. Direct Action of Lessor

7. Right of Retention

8. Termination of Principal Lease

Termination of Contract of Lease for a Determinate Period

Termination of Lease for an Indeterminate Period

Person Acquiring the Immovable

Renewal of Contract

Retaking of Immovable by Lessor

Fire on Immovable. - 1. Principle

2. Several Lessees

3. Immovable Partly Inhabited by Lessor

Improvements Made in Immovable. - 1. Right to Indemnity

2. Set-off and Right of Removal

Scope of this Section

Model Contracts

Direction of Exploitation. - 1: To Whom it Pertains

2. Rights of Other Party

Obligation of Exploiting

Nature and Manner of Cultivation

Time of Works

Expenses of Exploitation

Repairs and Maintenance

Old Age or Force Majeure

Extraordinary Expenses

Exchange of Parcels of Lands

Management of Land

Kinds of Rent

Amount of Rent

Legal Presumptions

Legal Maximum

Products Necessary for Subsistence. - 1. Principle

2. Reservation of Rights of Lessor

Crops

Rent when to be Paid. - 1. Principle.:

2. Default of Farmer-Tenant

3. Rent Consisting of Products

Revision of Rent. - 1. Principle

2. Exceptions

5. Amount of Remission

Sub-Lease. - 1. Principle

2. Exception

Termination of Contract. - 1. Principle

2. Renewal of Lease

3. Contracts of Long Duration

4. Lease for an Indeterminate Period

5. Transfer of Immovable

6. Right of Farmer-Tenant

Death of Farmer-Tenant or Lessor

Illness of Farmer-Tenant. - 1. Right of Farmer-Tenant

2. Right of Lessor

Fire

Settlement at the End of the Contract. - 1. Stable-Litter, ' Forage and Manure

2. Seeds

3. Expenses of Cultivation

Improvements Made in Land. - 1. Principle

2. Amount of Compensation

3. Right of Removal

Definition

Gratuitousness of the Contract

Ownership of Movable

Upkeep of Movable

Use of Movable

Return of Movable

Premature return. - 1. Borrower’s Right

2. Lender’s Right

Death of Borrower

Wrongful Use

Avoidable Loss

Contractual Valuation

Definition

Deposit, Conditional Sale and Lease of Services

Ownership of Movable

Deposit of Money or Consumable Movables

Use of Deposited Movable

Gratuitous or Paid Deposit

Modification of Circumstances of Deposit

End of Deposit. - 1. Depositor's Right

2. Depositary’s Right

Several Depositors

Deposit in the Interest of Third Party

Return of Movable

Return of Profits

Restitution to Whom Made

Depositor’s Duties

Lien

Depositary’s Heir

Definition

Appointment and Dismissal of Trustee

Return of the Movable

Definition

Special Rules for Deposit in Distress

Forms and Proof

Finder’s Rights and Obligations

Deposit Without the Knowledge or against the Will of Another

Definitions

Loss or Deterioration of Goods

Duty to Inform Depositor

Return of Goods

Mixing Goods

Sale of Goods

Disposal of Proceeds

Receipt and Voucher

Particulars in Receipt and Voucher

Beneficiaries of Documents of Title

Rights of Holder of Both Titles

Rights of Holder of Voucher

Transfer of Voucher

Absence of Required Information

Rights of Holder of Receipt

Sale by Pledgee

Sale of Goods Stored

Redress against Endorsers

Non-compliance with Required Formalities

Definition

Relation to Special Legislation

State Employees

Capacity

Form of Contract

Negotiated Contract Terms

Contract Terms Incorporated by Reference

Terms Unfavorable to the Employee

Collective Agreements

Duration of Contract of Employment

Probation Period

Termination of a Trial Contract

Renewal of Contract of Employment

In General

Tools and Materials

Training

Health and Safety

Notice of Work Rules

In General

Instructions

Due Care

Health and Safety Precautions

Change of Work

Inventions of the Employee

Information Concerning the Undertaking

Right to Wages

Rate of Payment

Form of Payment

Time of Payment

Payment of Commission Wages

Deduction from Wages

Record of Payment

Payment for Extraordinary Expenses

Attachment or Assignment of Wages

Advance on Wages

Regular Hours of Work

Scheduling of Work Hours

Special Arrangements

Break for Meals and Relaxation

Overtime Work

Minimum Rest During Week

Public Holidays

Annual Leave

Postponement of Annual Leave

Annual Leave in Parts

Recall from Annual Leave

Terminated Employees

Leave for Family Events

Educational Leave

Leave for Special Purposes

Sick Leave

Wages During Sick Leave

Pregnancy

Maternity Leave

Working Conditions of Young Employee

Responsibility for Injuries to Employees

Required Insurance

Employment Accidents. - 1. Principle

2. Specific Cases

Occupational Diseases

Date of Injury

First Aid and Funeral Expenses

Medical Expenses

Compensation for Employment Injuries

Periodic Payments

Suspension of Periodic Payments

Cessation of Periodic Payments

Assessment of Disability

Disability Compensation

Payments on Death of Injured Employee

Disability and Death of Apprentices

Contracts of Fixed Duration

Maximum Duration of Contract

Renewal of Contract

Contract of Indefinite Duration

Termination Ipso Facto

Termination by Agreement

Termination by Employee

Termination by Employer

Prohibited Grounds

Unjustified Termination

Notice of Termination

Advance Notice

Advance Notice Excused

Right to Compensation on Termination

Calculation of Compensation. - 1. Justified Termination

Calculation of Compensation. - 2. Unjustified Termination

Transfer, Amalgamation, Division of Ownership or Organizational Change of Undertaking

Providing Certificate of Work

Principle

Restriction

Penalties

Lapsing of Provision

Definition

Obligations of Employer

Obligations of Apprentice

Form of Contract

Content of Contract

Working Conditions

Termination

Definition

Health and Moral Well-Being of Employee

Obligation to Look After the Employee. - 1. Principle

2. Exceptions

Payment of Wages

Definition

Principle

Contract for Undefined Period of Time

Definition

Implied Acceptance

Materials and Tools

Materials Provided by Contractor

Materials Provided by Client

Independence of Contractor

General Obligations of Contractors

Performance of Work

Duty to Inform Clients

Delay in Performance of Work

Where No Time Limit Has Been Fixed

Defective Performance of the Task

Putting Work at Client’s Disposal

Warranty against Defects

Time for Payment

Acceptance with Reservation

Price Fixed in Advance

Changes in the Agreed Work

Price Not Fixed in Advance

Price Estimates

Accounting for Progress

Right of Retention

Risks

Death of Client

Death of Contractor

Termination by Client

Termination by Contractor

Applicable Provisions

Making and Proof of Contract

Work to be Done

Delivery and Payment

Partial Delivery and Payment

Alterations Required by Client. - 1. Rights of Client

2. Effect

3. Contractor Refusing Alterations

Alternations Required by Contractor

Examination of Work

Liability for Loss. - 1. Principle

2. Relief from Liability

Warranty against Poor Workmanship

Defect or Error in Plans or Expert Opinions

Claims by Sub-Contractors or Workmen

Promoter Who Sells the Work

Provisions Applicable

Personal Nature of Obligation

Advances by Client

Excessive Payment

Required Care and Responsibility

Termination of Contract. - 1. By the Client

2. By the Other Party

Definition of Medical Contract

Medical Professions

Definition of Contract of Hospitalization

Formation of Contract

Obligation of Patient

Obligation of Person Calling upon Physician

Reimbursement

Fees

Liability of Physician

Guarantee of Cure

Personal Nature of Obligation

Liability to Third Parties

Liability of Medical Institution. - 1. Medical Treatment

2. Board and Lodging

Definition

Establishments Similar to Hotels

Duration of Contract

Contract for Indeterminate Period

Contract for Approximate Time

Period of Time Room Engaged

Renewal of Contract

Failure to Provide Lodging

Failure to Occupy Room

Termination for Failure to Occupy

Required Behavior

Furnishing and Material Resources

Force Majeure

Advance Payment

Liability for Death or Personal Injury. - 1. General

2. Consumption of Food and Drink

3. Fault of Guest

Care of Luggage

Custody of Valuables

Right of Retention

Principle of Liability

Limitation of Liability

Unlimited Liability. - 1. Fault or Actual Deposit

2. Refusal of Deposit

Non-Liability

Obligation to Give Notice

Provision of Non-Liability

Scope of the Law

Definition

Granting of Mandate

General and Special Mandate

Incapacity

Two or More Persons

Complete Mandate

Applicability Mutatis Mutandis

Reasonable Care

Instructions

Information and Account

Substitution

Conflicting Interests

Mandatary Acting as Co-Contracting Party of Mandator

Remuneration

Reimbursement of Expenses

Ratification

Disclosure of the Mandator

Liability of the Mandatary

Proof of Mandate

Damage of Mandator

Transfer of Rights of Mandatary to Mandator

Rights of third Person Exercised against Mandator

Termination of the Contract by Mandatary or Mandator

Other Causes of Termination

Authority after Termination by Death, Judicial Interdiction or Renunciation

Documents Evidencing a Mandate

Entitlement to Remuneration in Case of Termination

Limitation of Right of Action to Remit Documents

The End of Mandate in Relation to an Unknowing Other Party

Heirs of the Mandator

Definition

Measures of Preservation

Sale of Goods

Anticipated Payment

Sale on Credit

Unauthorized Credit

Guarantee Given by Commission Merchant

Del Credere Commission Merchant

Insurance

Remuneration of Commission Merchant

When Remuneration is Due

Forfeiture of Right to Remuneration

Outlays and Advances

Priority

Dealings on Own Account

Presumption

Termination of Commission

Forwarding Contract

Insurance and Dealings on Own Account

Definition

Obligation to Disclose

Form of Contract

Assignment of Future Works. - 1. Conditions

2. Publisher's Prior Right

Effect

Restrictive Interpretation

Authorized Methods of Dealing with Work

Modification and Translation

Reproduction in another Medium

Separate and Complete Works

Author’s Warranty

Rights Transferred to the Publisher

Conflict between Two Publishers

Reproduction of the Work

Author’s Corrections

New Edition

Authorized Editions and Impressions

Edition Out of Print

Effect in the Case of Successive Editions

Author’s Remuneration. - 1. Principle

2. Free Copies

3. Payment

Loss of work. - 1. Before Publication

2. After Publication

Lapse of Contract

Work Planned by Publisher

Principle

Consent of Debtor

Form

Principal Obligation Void

Limits of a Suretyship

Future or Conditional Obligations

Extinction of Primary Obligation

Substituted Performance

Variation of Primary Obligation

Prescription

Interest

Legal Costs

Exigibility of the Obligation

Joint Suretyship

Simple Suretyship

Benefit of Discussion

Assets to be Discussed

Failure to Proceed

Summons to Proceed

Tender of Payment

Surety’s Indemnity Claim

Damages

Lapse of Indemnity Claim

Second Payment

Subrogation

Duties of Creditor

Impossibility of Subrogation

Debtor’s Bankruptcy

Securities Due to Surety

Counter-Surety

Secondary Surety

Plurality of Sureties

Definition

Person Furnishing the Pledge

Obligation Secured

Form of Contract

Pledge

A Share in Property

Creditor’s Possession

Possession by an Agreed Third Party

Debtor’s Possession

Regulation of Contract of Pledge

Ownership of Pledge

Cost of Maintaining and Preserving the Pledge

Abuse by Pledgee

Premature Payment of the Obligation

Pledge Furnished by a Third Party

General Principle

Use of the Pledge

Repledging

Fruits

Action for Possession

Third Party's Claim to the Pledge

Exception

Possibility of Reclaiming Stolen Property

Return of Pledge

Priority

Loss or Deterioration of the Pledge

Subrogation to Property Rights

Accessory Character of the Contract

Indivisibility of pledge

Commissoria Lex

Effect on Third Parties

Default

Sale of Pledge

Limitation by the Court

Sale of Debtor’s Property at First

Assignment of Pledge to the Pledgee

Priority Right

Limitation of Creditor’s Rights

Disposal of Proceeds

Several Pledgees

Purchaser’s Rights

Creditor’s Liability

Relation of Pledger and Debtor

Claims Not Established by Title

Rights Not Established by Title

Acknowledgment of Debt

Claims Producing Periodical Income. - 1. Extent of Pledge

2. Rights and Duties of Pledgee

Preservatory Measures

Pledged Shares

Rights of Debtor of Claim Pledged

Collection of Obligation Pledged

Sale of Claim or Right Pledged

Reference to Preceding Section

Creation of Immovable Hypothec

Legal Hypothec of Seller of Immovable

Legal Hypothec of Co-Partitioner

Judicial Hypothec

Instrument Granting Hypothec

Claim Secured by Hypothec

Property Liable to Hypothec

Hypothecated Immovable

Conditions for Granting a Hypothec

Sanction

Ownership Evidenced by Title Deed

Registration Necessary

Manner of Making Registration

Costs of Registration

Reduction of Claim

Increase of Claim

Time for Making Entry

Effect of Registration

Principle

Prohibited Provisions

Jurisdiction

Address for Service

Curator

Integral Parts

Improvements and Buildings

Rent

Indemnities Charged by Hypothec. - 1. Principle

2. Consent of Creditors to Payment

Hypothec of Bare Ownership

Reduction in Value of Immovable. - 1. Due to Grantor

2. Due to Third Party Acquiring the Immovable

3. Other Cases

Capital of Claim

Interest

Necessary Expenses and Insurance Premiums

Costs of Attachment Proceedings

Interest

Principle

Creditors Registered at the Same Time

Subrogation

Change of Rank

Right to Transfer Ownership of Hypothecated Immovable

Right of Hypothecary Creditor

Effect on Original Debtor

Indivisibility of Hypothec

Creation of Rights in Rem on Hypothecated Immovable

Rights of Creditor

Attachment of Immovable. - 1. Assimilation to Suretyship

2. Improvements or Buildings

3. Loss of Deterioration of Immovable

4. Fruits

5. Action for Warranty

6. Subrogation

7. Appointment of Curator

Voluntary Performance of Obligation

Redemption of Hypothec. - 1. When Possible

2. Offer to Redeem

3. Offer May Not be Withdrawn

4. Offer Accepted

5. Offer Rejected

6. Costs of Sale by Auction

7. Time for Making Offer

Sale of Grantor’s Property at First

Presumption

Position of Surety

Loss or Deterioration of Immovable

Other Differences

Grounds for Cancellation

Hypothec of Usufruct

Renunciation of Hypothec

Creditor Making Subrogation Impossible

Conditions for Cancelling Registration

Effect of Cancellation

Cancellation Made Without Good Cause

Definition

Instrument Evidencing the Debt

Types of Annuity

Beneficiaries of Annuity

Payment of Arrears

Reference to Rules Governing Loans

Saving Clause

Annuities Constituted other than by Contract

Power to Redeem

Obligation to Redeem

Capital Due in Case of Redemption

Scope of the Contract

Life of a Person

Lives of Several Persons

Case of Nullity

Transmissibility

Usurious Rate of Arrears

Avoidance of Contract

Non-Payment of Arrears

Absence of Power to Redeem

Substitution of Insurer

Accrual of Arrears

Assignment and Attachment

Proof of Claim

Annuity Due by Virtue of Insurance

Definitions

Scope of this Chapter

State Insurance Business

Persons Engaged in Insurance Business

Insurance Not a Game or Wager

Formation of Insurance Contract

Evidence of Insurance Contract

Provisional Coverage

Information to be supplied by Insurer

Particulars in Insurance Policy

Effect Given to Certain Clauses in Policy

Delivery of Policy and Application

Policy to Named Person or to Order

Modification or Renewal of Policy

Statements in Application for Insurance

Concealment of Facts and False Statements

Counter-Evidence

Duty of Insurer to Pay Agreed Sum

Payment of Premiums

Material Increase of Risks

Notification of Occurrence of Risk

Insolvency

Prescription

Definition

Insurable Interest

Risks Covered